Different types of cyclobutane-containing peptides (CBPs) were screened for the first time as ligands of metallocarboxypeptidases (MCPs). CBPs are conformationally constrained, low molecular-weight compounds which showed moderate yet selective inhibitory activity against mammalian MCPs. The most potent compound was a carboxypeptidase B inhibitor. Docked protein-ligand complexes indicated that CBPs may bind to the target proteases via electrostatic interactions and aromatic stacking to catalytically crucial residues and that the placement of functional groups seems to be assisted by the rigid CBP backbone. The easily obtainable CBPs may offer a valuable alternative in the design of novel inhibitors to disease-linked metallocarboxypeptidases like human plasma carboxypeptidase B.